1. What percent of the body is smooth muscle? Striated muscle? 5-10% is smooth muscle and 40% is striated muscle.
2. Name 3 types of muscle proteins. What is the function of each? Stroma-functions solely as an inert structural element. Cellular- Contractile-essential for contraction
3. What is a myofibril? An independent cylindrical element that runs the length of the muscle fiber.
4. Sketch a picture of a sarcomere. Label the I-band, the A-band, the Z-line and the H-zone.
5. Name the two filaments that make up a sarcomere. The thick filament and the thin filament.
6. Draw a sarcomere at rest, stretched out and contracted.
7. What is the sliding filament theory? It states that muscle contraction results from the relative movement of the thick and thin filaments past each other.
8. Muscle relaxation ensues upon the removal of what? Calcium ions.
Tuesday, May 13, 2008
Monday, May 5, 2008
1. Corpus luteum-a yellow, progesterone-secreting mass of cells that forms from an ovarian follicle after the release of a mature egg
2. Epididymis-a long, narrow, convoluted tube, part of the spermatic duct system, that lies on the posterior aspect of each testicle, connecting it to the vas deferens
3. Gonad-sex gland in which gametes are produced; an ovary or testis
4. Meiosis-part of the process of gamete formation, consisting of chromosome conjugation and two cell divisions, in the course of which the diploid chromosome number becomes reduced to the haploid
5. Oocyte-an immature egg cell of the animal ovary
6. Ovary-the female gonad or reproductive gland, in which the ova and the hormones that regulate female secondary sex characteristics develop
7. Placenta-the organ in most mammals, formed in the lining of the uterus by the union of the uterine mucous membrane with the membranes of the fetus, that provides for the nourishment of the fetus and the elimination of its waste products
8. Scrotum-the pouch of skin that contains the testes
9. Seminiferous tubule-any of the coiled tubules of the testis in which spermatozoa are produced
10. Testis-the male gonad or reproductive gland, either of two oval glands located in the scrotum
11. Vulva-the external female genitalia
12. Blastocyst-the blastula of the mammalian embryo, consisting of an inner cell mass, a cavity, and an outer layer, the trophoblast
13. Embryo-the young of a viviparous animal, esp. of a mammal, in the early stages of development within the womb, in humans up to the end of the second month
14. Fetus-the young of an animal in the womb or egg, esp. in the later stages of development when the body structures are in the recognizable form of its kind, in humans after the end of the second month of gestation
15. Implantation-the attachment of the early embryo to the lining of the uterus
16. Lactation-the secretion or formation of milk
17. Umbilical cord-a cord or funicle connecting the embryo or fetus with the placenta of the mother and transporting nourishment from the mother and wastes from the fetus
18. Yolk sac-an extraembryonic membrane that encloses the yolk of eggs in birds, reptiles, and marsupials and that circulates nourishment from the yolk to the developing embryo
19. Zygote-the cell produced by the union of two gametes, before it undergoes cleavage
20. Ultrasound-using the reflections of high-frequency sound waves to construct an image of a body organ (a sonogram); commonly used to observe fetal growth or study bodily organs
2. Epididymis-a long, narrow, convoluted tube, part of the spermatic duct system, that lies on the posterior aspect of each testicle, connecting it to the vas deferens
3. Gonad-sex gland in which gametes are produced; an ovary or testis
4. Meiosis-part of the process of gamete formation, consisting of chromosome conjugation and two cell divisions, in the course of which the diploid chromosome number becomes reduced to the haploid
5. Oocyte-an immature egg cell of the animal ovary
6. Ovary-the female gonad or reproductive gland, in which the ova and the hormones that regulate female secondary sex characteristics develop
7. Placenta-the organ in most mammals, formed in the lining of the uterus by the union of the uterine mucous membrane with the membranes of the fetus, that provides for the nourishment of the fetus and the elimination of its waste products
8. Scrotum-the pouch of skin that contains the testes
9. Seminiferous tubule-any of the coiled tubules of the testis in which spermatozoa are produced
10. Testis-the male gonad or reproductive gland, either of two oval glands located in the scrotum
11. Vulva-the external female genitalia
12. Blastocyst-the blastula of the mammalian embryo, consisting of an inner cell mass, a cavity, and an outer layer, the trophoblast
13. Embryo-the young of a viviparous animal, esp. of a mammal, in the early stages of development within the womb, in humans up to the end of the second month
14. Fetus-the young of an animal in the womb or egg, esp. in the later stages of development when the body structures are in the recognizable form of its kind, in humans after the end of the second month of gestation
15. Implantation-the attachment of the early embryo to the lining of the uterus
16. Lactation-the secretion or formation of milk
17. Umbilical cord-a cord or funicle connecting the embryo or fetus with the placenta of the mother and transporting nourishment from the mother and wastes from the fetus
18. Yolk sac-an extraembryonic membrane that encloses the yolk of eggs in birds, reptiles, and marsupials and that circulates nourishment from the yolk to the developing embryo
19. Zygote-the cell produced by the union of two gametes, before it undergoes cleavage
20. Ultrasound-using the reflections of high-frequency sound waves to construct an image of a body organ (a sonogram); commonly used to observe fetal growth or study bodily organs
Male nad Female reproduction system worksheet
(1)What is the purpose of the reproductive system? production of offspring
(2)What is the function of the ovaries? produce the ova and the female hormones
(3)What is the structure that connects the ovaries to the uterus?
(4)What is the name of the lining of the uterus? the fallopian tubes
(5)Name the three parts of the uterus and where they are located. the fundus which is the uppermost or the top portion of the uterus the body which is the middle portion and the cervix which is the neck like portion
(6)What is the female organ of copulation? the vagina
(7)Sketch a picture of the female reproductive system. Include the following: bladder, ovary, uterus, fallopian tube, urethra, vagina.
(8)What is the male organ of copulation? the penis
(9)What are the two functions of the urethra in the male? passes urine and semen out of the body
(10)What are the two functions of the testes? production of sperm cells and secretion of an endocrine substance the male sex hormone
(11)What is the name of the structure where the testes are located? the scrotum
(12)Why are the testes located outside the body? so the semen dosen't die away
(13)Where do sperm mature? the epididymis
(14)What is the vas deferens? a small tube which connects the epididymis and ejaculatory duct
(15)What is the structure that secretes and stores a fluid releases at the time of ejaculation? the seminal vesicles
(16)What are the functions of the prostate gland? secretes and alkaline fluid to keep the sperm mobile and protect them from the acid in the male urethra
(17)What is semen? it's made up of sperm cells and secretions from the seminal vesicles prostate and cowper's glands
(18)Sketch a picture of the male reproductive system. Include the following: penis, seminal vesicles, epididymis, cowper’s gland, testes, scrotum, vas deferens, urethra, prostate, ejaculatory duct. You guys will need to do this in paint. Sorry, but I
human development video questions
(1) name the molecule that carries our genes? DNA
(2)genes are located in the? DNA
(3)what is the average number of sperm the average man produces in a second? 1,000
(4)how can one person produce so many different combinations of genes?miosis
(5) most human cells have a total number of 46 chromosomes
(6)the gene shuffling that occurs from mitosis results ina great amount of this? diversity
(7)where in the female reproductive tract does the egg wait for fertilization? fallopian tubes.
(8)how does the egg move through the fallopian tube? muscular contraction
(9)approximately how many sperm are contained within one teaspoon of seminal liquid? 300 million
(10)what are some of the challanges that sperm face once entering into the vagina? because of acidity they must escape or die.
(11)describe the milestone event that takes place two weeks after conception? gasterolation
(12)describe the size and physical charteristics of the fetus at 4 and 1/2 weeks following conception? it's an 1/5 of an inch long the backbone curves like a tail and the brain is developing and on the side of the face is an eye.
(13)if the dna ina single cell were stretched out how long would it be? 6 ft long
(14)after about how many weeks can doctors determine the sex of the baby through ultrasound? 18 weeks
(15)aside from the ultrasound how can a doctor determine the sex of a baby? chromosomes
(16) at what point does the embryo become a fetus? starting 2 months after being fertilized
(17) when does placenta begin to form? in the early weeks
(18) what is the fetus's job in the last trimester? to grow
(19)why are human births so much more dangerous than other mammals? because the brain is 3-4 times larger and we have a more narrow pelvis.
(2)genes are located in the? DNA
(3)what is the average number of sperm the average man produces in a second? 1,000
(4)how can one person produce so many different combinations of genes?miosis
(5) most human cells have a total number of 46 chromosomes
(6)the gene shuffling that occurs from mitosis results ina great amount of this? diversity
(7)where in the female reproductive tract does the egg wait for fertilization? fallopian tubes.
(8)how does the egg move through the fallopian tube? muscular contraction
(9)approximately how many sperm are contained within one teaspoon of seminal liquid? 300 million
(10)what are some of the challanges that sperm face once entering into the vagina? because of acidity they must escape or die.
(11)describe the milestone event that takes place two weeks after conception? gasterolation
(12)describe the size and physical charteristics of the fetus at 4 and 1/2 weeks following conception? it's an 1/5 of an inch long the backbone curves like a tail and the brain is developing and on the side of the face is an eye.
(13)if the dna ina single cell were stretched out how long would it be? 6 ft long
(14)after about how many weeks can doctors determine the sex of the baby through ultrasound? 18 weeks
(15)aside from the ultrasound how can a doctor determine the sex of a baby? chromosomes
(16) at what point does the embryo become a fetus? starting 2 months after being fertilized
(17) when does placenta begin to form? in the early weeks
(18) what is the fetus's job in the last trimester? to grow
(19)why are human births so much more dangerous than other mammals? because the brain is 3-4 times larger and we have a more narrow pelvis.
Hormonal control of the menstrual cycle work sheet
(1) What is a hormone? a chemical which is produced in one part of the body and has an affect on another.
(2) what system is responsible for the production of hormones? reproductive system
(3)sketch a picture of the female reproductive system include the oviduct ovaries yterus cervix and vagina.
(4)where does the embryo undergo most of it's development? the uterus
(5)what is another name for the fallopian tube? oviduct
(6)where does fertilization take place? in the fallopian tubes
(7)what is ovulation? a process in which an egg is released from the ovary
(8) what is the follicle converted to? a corpus luteum
(9)what happens during the flow phase? hormone production by the ovaries ceases and the uterine lining sloughs off.
(10)what happens during the follicular phase? The developing follicle enlarges and produces a hormone which causes the uterine lining to thicken
(11) what happens during the luteal phase? a hormone from the pituitary converts the follicle to a corpus luteum. the corpus luteum produces a hormone which causes the uterine lining to develop further.
(12)what happens to the uterine lining during the first phase?it sheds
(13)what are the four hormones that control the menstrual cycle? FSH,LH, Estrogen and Progestrone
(14)As FSH increases in concentration in the blood, the follicle is? developing
(15) when the follicle ruptures it releases what? Egg
(16)what is considered the hormone of pregnacy? Progestrone
(17)what is the rhythm method? there is a period of 3-4 days when pregnacy can occur, after ovulation the egg remains fertile for about 24 hrs. and sperm can remain fertile for about 48 hrs. or more.
(18)what do you call a couple using the rhythm method? parents
(19)what is menopause? what causes it? the halting of the menstrual cycle which occurs around the age of 45-50 in most women. the cause is the cessation of LH secretion by the pituitary.
(20)when does fertilization occur?after ovulation
(21)when is zygote formed? when fertilization occures
(22)what is placenta? the organ which is made of embryo and uterine tissues that aids in exchange of materials.
(2) what system is responsible for the production of hormones? reproductive system
(3)sketch a picture of the female reproductive system include the oviduct ovaries yterus cervix and vagina.
(4)where does the embryo undergo most of it's development? the uterus
(5)what is another name for the fallopian tube? oviduct
(6)where does fertilization take place? in the fallopian tubes
(7)what is ovulation? a process in which an egg is released from the ovary
(8) what is the follicle converted to? a corpus luteum
(9)what happens during the flow phase? hormone production by the ovaries ceases and the uterine lining sloughs off.
(10)what happens during the follicular phase? The developing follicle enlarges and produces a hormone which causes the uterine lining to thicken
(11) what happens during the luteal phase? a hormone from the pituitary converts the follicle to a corpus luteum. the corpus luteum produces a hormone which causes the uterine lining to develop further.
(12)what happens to the uterine lining during the first phase?it sheds
(13)what are the four hormones that control the menstrual cycle? FSH,LH, Estrogen and Progestrone
(14)As FSH increases in concentration in the blood, the follicle is? developing
(15) when the follicle ruptures it releases what? Egg
(16)what is considered the hormone of pregnacy? Progestrone
(17)what is the rhythm method? there is a period of 3-4 days when pregnacy can occur, after ovulation the egg remains fertile for about 24 hrs. and sperm can remain fertile for about 48 hrs. or more.
(18)what do you call a couple using the rhythm method? parents
(19)what is menopause? what causes it? the halting of the menstrual cycle which occurs around the age of 45-50 in most women. the cause is the cessation of LH secretion by the pituitary.
(20)when does fertilization occur?after ovulation
(21)when is zygote formed? when fertilization occures
(22)what is placenta? the organ which is made of embryo and uterine tissues that aids in exchange of materials.
Tuesday, April 22, 2008
Digestive and Urinary questions in text
PG 735-736
Critical Thinking
(3) What effect is a before-dinner alcoholic cocktail likely to have on digestion? Why are such beverages inadvisable for persons with ulcers? They are inadvisable because your body will get dehydrated before you eat so it will take your body longer to digest.
REVIEW QUESTIONS
(1) List and describe the locations of the major parts of the alimentary canal. Stomach small intestine large intetine.
(2)Name the four layers of the wall of the alimentary canal? esophagus stomach small intestine large intestine rectum
(5) Define Peristalsis? Mucous membrane , submucosa, muscular layer, serosa
(7)Describe the general effects of the parasympathetic and synpathetic impulses on the alimentary canal? Parasympathetic increases the activities of the digestive system, Sympathetic is the opposite.
(12)Describe the structure of a tooth?Enamel crown, dentin, pulp cavity gingiva alveolar, root canal root cementum
Explain the mechanism of vomitting? Results from a complex reflex that empties the stomach another way. irration or distension in the stomach or intestines can trigger it.
PG 855
REVIEW QUESTIONS
(1)Name the organsof the urinary system and list their general functions?kidneys ureters urethra bladder.
(3)List the functions of the kidney? Produce urine
(9)Distinguish among filtration reabsorption and secretion as they relate to urine formation?They all work together to keep your body balanced.
(16)Define autoregulation? ability of an organ or tissue to maintain a constant blood flow in spite of changing arterial blood pressure.
(34)Describe the structure and function of a ureter? Carries urine from kidney to bladder.
(36)Discuss what happens if ureter becomes obstructed? You will get a kidney infection.
(37)Describe the structure and location of the urinary bladder? Stores urine until the ready to be extracted.
(40) Compare the urethra of a female with that of a male? The female is alot shorter than the male also the male has two functions , urinate and ejaculate.
Critical Thinking
(3) What effect is a before-dinner alcoholic cocktail likely to have on digestion? Why are such beverages inadvisable for persons with ulcers? They are inadvisable because your body will get dehydrated before you eat so it will take your body longer to digest.
REVIEW QUESTIONS
(1) List and describe the locations of the major parts of the alimentary canal. Stomach small intestine large intetine.
(2)Name the four layers of the wall of the alimentary canal? esophagus stomach small intestine large intestine rectum
(5) Define Peristalsis? Mucous membrane , submucosa, muscular layer, serosa
(7)Describe the general effects of the parasympathetic and synpathetic impulses on the alimentary canal? Parasympathetic increases the activities of the digestive system, Sympathetic is the opposite.
(12)Describe the structure of a tooth?Enamel crown, dentin, pulp cavity gingiva alveolar, root canal root cementum
Explain the mechanism of vomitting? Results from a complex reflex that empties the stomach another way. irration or distension in the stomach or intestines can trigger it.
PG 855
REVIEW QUESTIONS
(1)Name the organsof the urinary system and list their general functions?kidneys ureters urethra bladder.
(3)List the functions of the kidney? Produce urine
(9)Distinguish among filtration reabsorption and secretion as they relate to urine formation?They all work together to keep your body balanced.
(16)Define autoregulation? ability of an organ or tissue to maintain a constant blood flow in spite of changing arterial blood pressure.
(34)Describe the structure and function of a ureter? Carries urine from kidney to bladder.
(36)Discuss what happens if ureter becomes obstructed? You will get a kidney infection.
(37)Describe the structure and location of the urinary bladder? Stores urine until the ready to be extracted.
(40) Compare the urethra of a female with that of a male? The female is alot shorter than the male also the male has two functions , urinate and ejaculate.
Thursday, April 17, 2008
Basic urinary anatomy worksheet
(1)What are three functions of the kidneys?Filters all matter from the blood not just waste products selectively reabsorbs all the substances that the body can make use of eliments waste products in blood form the urine
(2)What is the protective layer around the kidney?peri-renal capsule
(3)What is the outer layer of the kidney?cortex
(4)What is the urine collection system of the kidney?medulla
(5)What is the dilated end of the ureters called?pelvis
(6)What is the function of the bladder?to store urine
(7)What transports urine in males? Females? the urethra transports urine in males and females the only diffrence is the females urethra dosen't transport semen and is only 1.5-2in length instead of 7-8 in.
(2)What is the protective layer around the kidney?peri-renal capsule
(3)What is the outer layer of the kidney?cortex
(4)What is the urine collection system of the kidney?medulla
(5)What is the dilated end of the ureters called?pelvis
(6)What is the function of the bladder?to store urine
(7)What transports urine in males? Females? the urethra transports urine in males and females the only diffrence is the females urethra dosen't transport semen and is only 1.5-2in length instead of 7-8 in.
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)