The digestive system worksheet

(1)What is the digestive tract? A long, continuous tube with food first entering at the mouth
(2)What happens to undigested materials in the digestive tract? It exits out the anus along with dead cells, bacteria and other waste products
.3. Sketch the path that food takes through the digestive tract. Be sure to include the mouth, esophagus, stomach, duodenum, small intestine, appendix, large intestine rectum, and all 4 sphincters.
4. What is the function of the mouth in the digestion process? It brings the food into the body and breaks it down.
5. What is the term for the small mass of food that enters into the esophagus? Bolus
6. What triggers peristalsis? The presence of the bolus in the esophagus.
7. What is the function of the cardiac sphincter? It closes the entrance to the stomach and prevents its contents from re-entering the esophagus.
8. What is the mucous membrane? A protective layer that lines the entire digestive tract.
9. How long is the small intestine? Over 20 feet.
10. Where does most digestion and absorption of nutrients take place? In the small intestine.
11. What increase the surface area of the small intestine? Villi
12. What is the first section of the small intestine? What is its function? The duodenum. its receptors can detect the presences of hypo- and hyper-tonic solutions, acid and chemical changes in the chyme which, via the duodenum, affect the action of the entire gastrointestinal tract.
13. Where is bile stored? In the gallbladder
14. What is segmentation? A muscle contraction that breaks up the intestinal contents and mixes them with the digestive juices.
15. When does the ileocecal sphincter open? When the amount of food in the small intestine begins to build up.
16. What is the function of the anal sphincter? Stops waste from leaving the body until you want it to.
17. What is the function of the appendix in humans? There is no function for it in humans.
18. Where does digestion begin? In the mouth
19. What is gastric juice made of? A mixture of hydrochloric acid
20. Where are enzymes released in the small intestine produced? By the pancreas or the the intestinal glands
21. What is the function of the following enzymes: amylase, lactase, maltase, sucrase, and lipase? Amylase- completes the process of hydrolyzing starch; Maltase
22. There are two ways that nutrients get into the blood stream. Describe each method. Some diffuse across the intestinal membranes and into the blood simply by flowing along the concetration gradient. Others must be forced through the membrane against a gradient, since their concentration in the blood is alreadt greater than it is in the intestinal lumen.

Basic Respiratory Worksheet

(1)What are the two entrances for oxygen to enter the respiratory system? Nose and mouth

(2)Where does the air go to from the nose and mouth? pharynx

(3)In between the pharynx and the trachea what structure does this lesson leave out? larynx

(4)Where is the trachea located in reference to the esophagus? anterior

(5)What structures moisten the air in the Respiratory System? Nose and mouth

(6)What is the name for the small air sacs at the end of the bronchioles? alveoli

(7)Where does gas exchange take place in the lungs? The capillaries

(8)What is the main muscle of respiration? diaphragm

(9)What happens when we inhale? Exhale? The diaphragm contracts;the diaphragm relaxes

(10)Sketch a picture of the respiratory system. Include the following structures: nose, mouth, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchus, bronchioles, alveoli and lungs.

The heart worksheet

(1)All vertebrates have what type of circulatory system? Closed circulatory system

(2)How does the circulatory system maintain homeostasis? Through water and electrolyte transport, fluid volume control, and regulation of ph and of body temp.

(3)Name 4 functions of the circulatory system. Heart- central organ of circulatory system, Arteries- which carry blood from the heart, Veins – which return blood to the heart, Capillaries- which connect arteries and veins.

(4)What are blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart called? Arteries

(5)What are blood vessels that carry blood to the heart called? Veins

(6)What is the sac that surrounds the heart called? pericardium

(7)What is the muscular portion of the heart called? Myocardium

(8)What is the lining of the myocardium called? Endocardium

(9)What is the name of the upper cavities of the heart? The lower cavities? Upper cavities- atria(singular atrium) lower cavities- ventricles

(10)What veins carry blood to the left atrium? The right atrium? The superior vena cava and inferior vena cava carry blood to the right atrium. The pulmonary veins carry’s blood to the left atrium

(11)What arteries carry blood away from the left ventricle? The right ventricle? The pulmonary artery on the right side. The aorta on the left side

Basic eye anatomy worksheet

(1)The eye is part of which nervous system? central
(2)What types of tissues give the eye protection? Fatty and connective
(3)What structure in the eye produces tears? Lacrimal glands
(4)What acts as an antibacterial layer in the eye? The conjunctiva
(5)What is the cornea? The anterior portion of the sclera
(6)What layer of the eye contains the rods and cones? The retina
(7)What is the function of the rods? The cones? Rods for night vision; cones for daylight vision and color vision
(8)What is the colored part of the eye? The iris
(9)What structure allows light to enter the eye? The pupil
(10)Sketch picture of eye with following labeled: lacrimal glands, eyelashes, iris, pupil, cornea, lens, eyelid, sclera, choroids, optic nerve, and

Basic ear anatomy worksheet

(1)
(2)What is the function of the following:
Pinna –Directs sound waves into the auditory canal
tympanic membrane –turns sound waves into sound vibrations
ossicles –magnify’s the sound vibrations
cochlea –movement of the fluids
semicircular canals-Balance of the body, sends impulses to the brain to let it know your body is off balance, your brain would send a message out of your body to correct itself
(3)What three bones make up the ossicles? The Malleus, the incus, and the stapes
(4)What is the function of hairs in the ear? They stimulate nerve impulses to be sent to the brain by way of the auditory nerve

sense graphic organizer

Basic Nervous system worksheet

What does CNS and PNS stand for? Central nervous system Peripheral nervous system
What are the parts of the CNS? The brain and spinal cord
Describe something that you do on a regular basis that your PNS controls. Eat and breathe
What are the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system and what does each control? The autonomic nervous system is divided into two parts the sympathetic and the parasympathetic nervous system
What are the three main types of neurons? What is the function of each? sensory neuron- takes impulse to CNS, motor neuron-leaves first neuron and now is traveling within the CNS, interneuron-takes the response impulse from the CNS for an action
What is the function of the axon of a nerve cell? The dendrite? The axon is the sending end of the neuron and the dendrite is the receiving end of the neuron.
What is a synapse? Transfers the impulse from one neuron to another.
Sketch a neuron and label the axon and the dendrite